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Terroir Factors: Soil

Soil and Coffee Growth

Soil type influences water drainage, root development, and nutrient availability, which all shape how the coffee plant grows and expresses flavour [web:44][web:49]. Well-drained, nutrient-rich soils support healthier plants that can develop more nuanced flavour compounds in the cherries [web:48][web:56].

Common Coffee Soils

  • Volcanic soils: Often rich in minerals and well drained; associated with lively acidity and clarity in the cup in many origins [web:45][web:54].
  • Clay-heavy soils: Hold water and nutrients well but can cause drainage issues if poorly managed.
  • Sandy or loamy soils: Provide good drainage; structure and organic matter content are key to supporting strong trees [web:52][web:57].